复杂薄壁、薄板类零件高速加工技术初探

从加工方法,加工参数,工装夹具等方面对薄壁、薄板类零件的加工进行深入探讨,有效地解决了薄壁、薄板类零件的加工,为今后进行此类零件的加工进行了有益的技术储备。     

Mechanism parameters optimization of bionic frog jumping robot based on velocity directional manipulability measure

以速度方向可操作度作为跳跃性能的评价指标,从机构设计角度寻求改善仿蛙跳跃机器人跳跃性能的方法.在仿蛙跳跃机器人机构模型的基础上,建立了起跳阶段的运动学方程,得到机器人从关节空间到质心运动空间的速度映射关系,结合速度方向可操作度,利用优化算法对仿蛙跳跃机器人的机构参数进行优化,使机器人的跳跃性能达到最佳.优化结果表明,运用速度方向可操作度理论,对跳跃机器人机构参数进行优化研究是有效可行的.     

垂准仪校准的一个新方法

介绍了一种溯源于重力线的垂准仪校准方法;分析了＂顶杆式铅垂准线＂与＂平行光管式水平准线＂之间的联系与区别;基于顶杆式铅垂准线校准的几何模型,给出了天顶/底角的计算方法。     

纳米铝粉的活性评价方法研究进展

综述了纳米铝粉活性的2类评价方法:单质铝含量法和热分析参数法.单质铝含量的测定方法主要有气体容量法、氧化还原滴定法、热重分析法和透射电镜分析法,其中氧化还原滴定法又可分为重铬酸钾滴定法、水溶剂高锰酸钾滴定法、非水溶剂高锰酸钾滴定法及硫酸高铈法.基于热分析参数的活性评价方法主要采用:氧化起始温度、最大氧化速率、一定温度范...     

GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

考虑几何非线性的气动弹性模型缩比方法

随着飞机性能和需求的提高,大展弦比高柔性机翼逐渐成为新型飞机的主要结构形式。这类机翼具有高升阻比、大变形和重量轻等特性,几何非线性效应明显。然而机翼的大展弦比高柔性会带来更大的机翼变形,而机翼大变形则会引起相关的非线性气动弹性行为。为了评估这些非线性气动弹性行为并同时降低设计风险和成本,一般要使用缩比模型进行风洞试验以研究和确认真实飞机的气动弹性特性。基于此,首先使用了传统线性缩比方法来进行缩比,通过刚度质量耦合匹配模态响应法与刚度质量解耦匹配模态响应法这2种线性缩比方法,不断优化缩比结构的设计参数来满足目标缩比值。同时,提出一种动力学有限元模型的非线性静响应-模态协同优化方法,该方法是基于等效静态载荷法的几何非线性气动弹性模型缩比方法,通过2个不同的优化子程序分别匹配全尺寸飞机的非线性静响应和模态振型。结果表明,相比于传统线性缩比模型,考虑几何非线性的缩比模型能够更好地再现全尺寸飞机的非线性气动弹性行为。      

基于深度增强学习的卫星姿态控制方法

针对卫星在执行丢弃载荷或捕获目标等复杂任务时遭遇的姿态突然发生变化的问题,采用深度增强学习方法对卫星姿态进行控制,使卫星恢复稳定状态。具体来说,首先搭建飞行器的姿态动力学环境,并将连续的控制力矩输出离散化,然后采用Deep Q Network算法进行卫星自主姿态控制训练,以姿态角速度趋于稳定作为奖励获得离散行为的最优智能输出。仿真试验表明,面向空间卫星姿态控制的深度增强学习算法能够在卫星受到突发随机扰动后稳定卫星姿态,并能有效解决传统PD控制器依赖被控对象质量参数的难题。所提出的方法采用自主学习的方式对卫星姿态进行控制,具有很强的智能性和一定的普适性,在未来卫星执行复杂空间任务中的智能控制方面有着很好的应用潜力。     

凹腔对一体化支板火焰稳定器燃烧性能的影响

在来流温度为780~850℃、来流马赫数为0.16及油气比为0.002~0.006的条件下,试验研究了凹腔对喷油/稳定一体化支板火焰稳定器燃烧效率及熄火性能的影响,并结合数值模拟进行辅助分析。结果表明:在不同油气比条件下,带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器均能实现稳定高效燃烧;不带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器燃烧效率始终低于带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器,随着油气比的增加,两者燃烧效率差距逐渐缩小;带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器较不带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器有更好的熄火性能;凹腔结构促进了燃油雾化与蒸发,从而提高一体化支板火焰稳定器的燃烧性能。      

基于虚拟测量技术的模块化测量系统研制

机械产品的尺寸公差和形位公差是重要的质量检测指标,合格与否将直接影响产品功能。根据筒类工件的结构特点,搭建了基于虚拟测量技术的模块化测量系统,系统基于LabVIEW仪器平台开发主控制程序搭建外围硬件,解决了测量定位、传感器的选型、系统集成、测量程序开发等关键技术,实现了对尺寸公差与形位公差的同机检测。实验结果表明,系统检测精度达到99.80%,测量误差低于0.043mm,检测效率提高近3倍。